JS实现基于Sketch.js模拟成群游动的蝌蚪运动动画效果【附demo源码下载】
发布时间 - 2026-01-11 02:51:46 点击率：次本文实例讲述了JS实现基于Sketch.js模拟成群游动的蝌蚪运动动画效果。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
基于Sketch.js，实现了物体触碰检测（蝌蚪会遇到障碍物以及聪明的躲避鼠标的点击），随机运动，聚集算法等。
已经具备了游戏的基本要素，扩展一下可以变成一个不错的 HTML5 游戏。
演示效果如下：
完整代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class=" -webkit- js flexbox canvas canvastext webgl no-touch geolocation postmessage websqldatabase indexeddb hashchange history draganddrop websockets rgba hsla multiplebgs backgroundsize borderimage borderradius boxshadow textshadow opacity cssanimations csscolumns cssgradients cssreflections csstransforms csstransforms3d csstransitions fontface generatedcontent video audio localstorage sessionstorage webworkers applicationcache svg inlinesvg smil svgclippaths">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>HTML5 Preview Panel</title>
<script src="prefixfree.min.js"></script>
<script src="modernizr.js"></script>
<style>
body {
background-color: #222;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<script src="sketch.min.js"></script>
<div id="container">
<canvas class="sketch" id="sketch-0" height="208" width="607"></canvas>
</div>
<script>
var calculateDistance = function(object1, object2) {
x = Math.abs(object1.x - object2.x);
y = Math.abs(object1.y - object2.y);
return Math.sqrt((x * x) + (y * y));
};
var calcMagnitude = function(x, y) {
return Math.sqrt((x * x) + (y * y));
};
var calcVectorAdd = function(v1, v2) {
return {
x: v1.x + v2.x,
y: v1.y + v2.y
};
};
var random = function(min, max) {
return min + Math.random() * (max - min);
};
var getRandomItem = function(list, weight) {
var total_weight = weight.reduce(function(prev, cur, i, arr) {
return prev + cur;
});
var random_num = random(0, total_weight);
var weight_sum = 0;
//console.log(random_num)
for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
weight_sum += weight[i];
weight_sum = +weight_sum.toFixed(2);
if (random_num <= weight_sum) {
return list[i];
}
}
// end of function
};
/***********************
BOID
***********************/
function Boid(x, y) {
this.init(x, y);
}
Boid.prototype = {
init: function(x, y) {
//body
this.type = "boid";
this.alive = true;
this.health = 1;
this.maturity = 4;
this.speed = 6;
this.size = 5;
this.hungerLimit = 12000;
this.hunger = 0;
this.isFull = false;
this.digestTime = 400;
this.color = 'rgb(' + ~~random(0, 100) + ',' + ~~random(50, 220) + ',' + ~~random(50, 220) + ')';
//brains
this.eyesight = 100; //range for object dectection
this.personalSpace = 20; //distance to avoid safe objects
this.flightDistance = 60; //distance to avoid scary objects
this.flockDistance = 100; //factor that determines how attracted the boid is to the center of the flock
this.matchVelFactor = 6; //factor that determines how much the flock velocity affects the boid. less = more matching
this.x = x || 0.0;
this.y = y || 0.0;
this.v = {
x: random(-1, 1),
y: random(-1, 1),
mag: 0
};
this.unitV = {
x: 0,
y: 0,
};
this.v.mag = calcMagnitude(this.v.x, this.v.y);
this.unitV.x = (this.v.x / this.v.mag);
this.unitV.y = (this.v.y / this.v.mag);
},
wallAvoid: function(ctx) {
var wallPad = 10;
if (this.x < wallPad) {
this.v.x = this.speed;
} else if (this.x > ctx.width - wallPad) {
this.v.x = -this.speed;
}
if (this.y < wallPad) {
this.v.y = this.speed;
} else if (this.y > ctx.height - wallPad) {
this.v.y = -this.speed;
}
},
ai: function(boids, index, ctx) {
percievedCenter = {
x: 0,
y: 0,
count: 0
};
percievedVelocity = {
x: 0,
y: 0,
count: 0
};
mousePredator = {
x: ((typeof ctx.touches[0] === "undefined") ? 0 : ctx.touches[0].x),
y: ((typeof ctx.touches[0] === "undefined") ? 0 : ctx.touches[0].y)
};
for (var i = 0; i < boids.length; i++) {
if (i != index) {
dist = calculateDistance(this, boids[i]);
//Find all other boids close to it
if (dist < this.eyesight) {
//if the same species then flock
if (boids[i].type == this.type) {
//Alignment
percievedCenter.x += boids[i].x;
percievedCenter.y += boids[i].y;
percievedCenter.count++;
//Cohesion
percievedVelocity.x += boids[i].v.x;
percievedVelocity.y += boids[i].v.y;
percievedVelocity.count++;
//Separation
if (dist < this.personalSpace + this.size + this.health) {
this.avoidOrAttract("avoid", boids[i]);
}
} else {
//if other species fight or flight
if (dist < this.size + this.health + boids[i].size + boids[i].health) {
this.eat(boids[i]);
} else {
this.handleOther(boids[i]);
}
}
} //if close enough
} //dont check itself
} //Loop through boids
//Get the average for all near boids
if (percievedCenter.count > 0) {
percievedCenter.x = ((percievedCenter.x / percievedCenter.count) - this.x) / this.flockDistance;
percievedCenter.y = ((percievedCenter.y / percievedCenter.count) - this.y) / this.flockDistance;
this.v = calcVectorAdd(this.v, percievedCenter);
}
if (percievedVelocity.count > 0) {
percievedVelocity.x = ((percievedVelocity.x / percievedVelocity.count) - this.v.x) / this.matchVelFactor;
percievedVelocity.y = ((percievedVelocity.y / percievedVelocity.count) - this.v.y) / this.matchVelFactor;
this.v = calcVectorAdd(this.v, percievedVelocity);
}
//Avoid Mouse
if (calculateDistance(mousePredator, this) < this.eyesight) {
var mouseModifier = 20;
this.avoidOrAttract("avoid", mousePredator, mouseModifier);
}
this.wallAvoid(ctx);
this.limitVelocity();
},
setUnitVector: function() {
var magnitude = calcMagnitude(this.v.x, this.v.y);
this.v.x = this.v.x / magnitude;
this.v.y = this.v.y / magnitude;
},
limitVelocity: function() {
this.v.mag = calcMagnitude(this.v.x, this.v.y);
this.unitV.x = (this.v.x / this.v.mag);
this.unitV.y = (this.v.y / this.v.mag);
if (this.v.mag > this.speed) {
this.v.x = this.unitV.x * this.speed;
this.v.y = this.unitV.y * this.speed;
}
},
avoidOrAttract: function(action, other, modifier) {
var newVector = {
x: 0,
y: 0
};
var direction = ((action === "avoid") ? -1 : 1);
var vModifier = modifier || 1;
newVector.x += ((other.x - this.x) * vModifier) * direction;
newVector.y += ((other.y - this.y) * vModifier) * direction;
this.v = calcVectorAdd(this.v, newVector);
},
move: function() {
this.x += this.v.x;
this.y += this.v.y;
if (this.v.mag > this.speed) {
this.hunger += this.speed;
} else {
this.hunger += this.v.mag;
}
},
eat: function(other) {
if (!this.isFull) {
if (other.type === "plant") {
other.health--;
this.health++;
this.isFull = true;
this.hunger = 0;
}
}
},
handleOther: function(other) {
if (other.type === "predator") {
this.avoidOrAttract("avoid", other);
}
},
metabolism: function() {
if (this.hunger >= this.hungerLimit) {
this.health--;
this.hunger = 0;
}
if (this.hunger >= this.digestTime) {
this.isFull = false;
}
if (this.health <= 0) {
this.alive = false;
}
},
mitosis: function(boids) {
if (this.health >= this.maturity) {
//reset old boid
this.health = 1;
birthedBoid = new Boid(
this.x + random(-this.personalSpace, this.personalSpace),
this.y + random(-this.personalSpace, this.personalSpace)
);
birthedBoid.color = this.color;
boids.push(birthedBoid);
}
},
draw: function(ctx) {
drawSize = this.size + this.health;
ctx.beginPath();
ctx.moveTo(this.x + (this.unitV.x * drawSize), this.y + (this.unitV.y * drawSize));
ctx.lineTo(this.x + (this.unitV.y * drawSize), this.y - (this.unitV.x * drawSize));
ctx.lineTo(this.x - (this.unitV.x * drawSize * 2), this.y - (this.unitV.y * drawSize * 2));
ctx.lineTo(this.x - (this.unitV.y * drawSize), this.y + (this.unitV.x * drawSize));
ctx.lineTo(this.x + (this.unitV.x * drawSize), this.y + (this.unitV.y * drawSize));
ctx.fillStyle = this.color;
ctx.shadowBlur = 20;
ctx.shadowColor = this.color;
ctx.fill();
}
};
Predator.prototype = new Boid();
Predator.prototype.constructor = Predator;
Predator.constructor = Boid.prototype.constructor;
function Predator(x, y) {
this.init(x, y);
this.type = "predator";
//body
this.maturity = 6;
this.speed = 6;
this.hungerLimit = 25000;
this.color = 'rgb(' + ~~random(100, 250) + ',' + ~~random(10, 30) + ',' + ~~random(10, 30) + ')';
//brains
this.eyesight = 150;
this.flockDistance = 300;
}
Predator.prototype.eat = function(other) {
if (!this.isFull) {
if (other.type === "boid") {
other.health--;
this.health++;
this.isFull = true;
this.hunger = 0;
}
}
};
Predator.prototype.handleOther = function(other) {
if (other.type === "boid") {
if (!this.isFull) {
this.avoidOrAttract("attract", other);
}
}
};
Predator.prototype.mitosis = function(boids) {
if (this.health >= this.maturity) {
//reset old boid
this.health = 1;
birthedBoid = new Predator(
this.x + random(-this.personalSpace, this.personalSpace),
this.y + random(-this.personalSpace, this.personalSpace)
);
birthedBoid.color = this.color;
boids.push(birthedBoid);
}
};
Plant.prototype = new Boid();
Plant.prototype.constructor = Plant;
Plant.constructor = Boid.prototype.constructor;
function Plant(x, y) {
this.init(x, y);
this.type = "plant";
//body
this.speed = 0;
this.size = 10;
this.health = ~~random(1, 10);
this.color = 'rgb(' + ~~random(130, 210) + ',' + ~~random(40, 140) + ',' + ~~random(160, 220) + ')';
//brains
this.eyesight = 0;
this.flockDistance = 0;
this.eyesight = 0; //range for object dectection
this.personalSpace = 100; //distance to avoid safe objects
this.flightDistance = 0; //distance to avoid scary objects
this.flockDistance = 0; //factor that determines how attracted the boid is to the center of the flock
this.matchVelFactor = 0; //factor that determines how much the flock velocity affects the boid
}
Plant.prototype.ai = function(boids, index, ctx) {};
Plant.prototype.move = function() {};
Plant.prototype.mitosis = function(boids) {
var growProbability = 1,
maxPlants = 40,
plantCount = 0;
for (m = boids.length - 1; m >= 0; m--) {
if (boids[m].type === "plant") {
plantCount++;
}
}
if (plantCount <= maxPlants) {
if (random(0, 100) <= growProbability) {
birthedBoid = new Plant(
this.x + random(-this.personalSpace, this.personalSpace),
this.y + random(-this.personalSpace, this.personalSpace)
);
birthedBoid.color = this.color;
boids.push(birthedBoid);
}
}
};
Plant.prototype.draw = function(ctx) {
var drawSize = this.size + this.health;
ctx.fillStyle = this.color;
ctx.shadowBlur = 40;
ctx.shadowColor = this.color;
ctx.fillRect(this.x - drawSize, this.y + drawSize, drawSize, drawSize);
};
/***********************
SIM
***********************/
var boids = [];
var sim = Sketch.create({
container: document.getElementById('container')
});
sim.setup = function() {
for (i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
x = random(0, sim.width);
y = random(0, sim.height);
sim.spawn(x, y);
}
};
sim.spawn = function(x, y) {
var predatorProbability = 0.1,
plantProbability = 0.3;
switch (getRandomItem(['boid', 'predator', 'plant'], [1 - predatorProbability - plantProbability, predatorProbability, plantProbability])) {
case 'predator':
boid = new Predator(x, y);
break;
case 'plant':
boid = new Plant(x, y);
break;
default:
boid = new Boid(x, y);
break;
}
boids.push(boid);
};
sim.update = function() {
for (i = boids.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
if (boids[i].alive) {
boids[i].ai(boids, i, sim);
boids[i].move();
boids[i].metabolism();
boids[i].mitosis(boids);
} else {
//remove dead boid
boids.splice(i, 1);
}
}
};
sim.draw = function() {
sim.globalCompositeOperation = 'lighter';
for (i = boids.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
boids[i].draw(sim);
}
sim.fillText(boids.length, 20, 20);
};
</script>
</body>
</html>
附：完整实例代码点击此处本站下载。
更多关于JavaScript相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《JavaScript动画特效与技巧汇总》、《JavaScript图形绘制技巧总结》、《JavaScript切换特效与技巧总结》、《JavaScript错误与调试技巧总结》、《JavaScript数据结构与算法技巧总结》及《JavaScript数学运算用法总结》
希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。
# JS
# Sketch.js
# 模拟
# 成群游动
# 蝌蚪
# 运动
# 动画
# js运动动画的八个知识点
# javascript动画之圆形运动
# 环绕鼠标运动作小球
# JS运动框架之分享侧边栏动画实例
# 原生javascript实现匀速运动动画效果
# js弹性势能动画之抛物线运动实例详解
# JS实现匀速与减速缓慢运动的动画效果封装示例
# Js实现简单的小球运动特效
# javascript实现10个球随机运动、碰撞实例详解
# JS实现匀速运动的代码实例
# js实现缓冲运动效果的方法
# Javascript 完美运动框架(逐行分析代码
# 让你轻松了运动的原理)
# JS实现的小火箭发射动画效果示例
# 相关内容
# 鼠标
# 感兴趣
# 数据结构
# 给大家
# 点击此处
# 成群
# 更多关于
# 所述
# 程序设计
# 触碰
# 实现了
# 具备了
# 讲述了
# calculateDistance
# var
# function
# height
# width
# calcMagnitude
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